Policy Recommendations for Government & Policy makers

• Invest in girls’ education and encourage them to pursue higher education and university degrees. 

• Introduce STEM early on in schools and universities to women and girls. 

• Establish commissions and administrative bodies that set expectations, lobby for policies, monitor performance and uphold law enforcement around female participation in the workforce. 

• Develop financial and judicial policies and frameworks that support female entrepreneurship. 

• Build the most critical infrastructure to enable women to access work: for example, remote work facilities, subsidized rent for private-sector companies to set up offices in remote areas, and female-friendly public transportation systems (International Labour Organization Regional Office for Arab States, 2016). 

• Assuring paid maternity leaves that fall under ILO recommendation, in addition to offering equal paternity leaves to men. 

• Adopt affirmative action programmes or specific measures, such as quotas or targets, to improve gender balance as a temporary solution to increase women’s representation (Cawtar).

• Campaign and encourage women to pursue legal and political careers

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Policy Recommendations for Enterprises & Private Sector

• Providing in-place child care or monetary assistance for employees with children (both men and women). 

• Pass resolutions that allow for alternative working arrangements, including flexible working and part-time work. 

• Promoting a gender-inclusive business culture while adopting a holistic approach to equal remuneration for women and men for work of equal value (Bureau for Employers' Activities, 2019). 

• Establishing units inside enterprise that monitor arising of toxic work culture, discrimination, sexual harassment and bullying. 

• Provide on-the-job training for soft and other relevant skills; such as conferences and events, and a blend of formal and eLearning programs. 

• Provide assistance to employers who wish to pursue certificates or other degrees.